What is Periodontal Disease?

Periodontal disease ranges from a mild inflammation of the gum tissues to periodontitis, a major oral disease that can result in soft tissue and bone damage. Periodontitis is the leading cause of adult tooth loss in the United States.

Causes of Periodontal Disease

One of the major causes of gum disease is poor oral hygiene. Daily brushing and flossing, along with regular professional exams and cleanings, are essential to maintaining optimal oral health. When these practices are neglected, plaque can form on the teeth and along the gumline. If this plaque is not properly removed, it may harden over time and become tartar. Once tartar forms, only a dental professional can remove it.

Stages of Periodontal Disease

If gum disease is not treated in a timely manner, tartar may continue to build unchecked, advancing to gingivitis. In this stage, gums redden, swell, and become prone to bleeding from normal activities, such as brushing or eating. Some other common symptoms include chronic halitosis (bad breath), sensitive teeth, and difficulty or pain with chewing. Professional periodontal treatment is needed at this stage to prevent the gingivitis from advancing to periodontitis.

When gingivitis is not treated in time, it may progress to periodontitis. This is the most advanced form of periodontal disease. With periodontitis, gums begin to pull away from the teeth, creating small “pockets” along the gumline. These spaces are difficult to clean without professional intervention and can lead to rapid worsening of oral health. Without prompt and thorough treatment, periodontitis can destroy bone, gums, and soft tissues.

Risk Factors for Periodontal Disease

Several factors can contribute to the development of periodontal disease, including:

• Poor Oral Hygiene: Inadequate brushing and flossing habits.
• Diabetes: Patients with diabetes are at a higher risk.
• Smoking: Tobacco use is a significant risk factor.
• Hormonal Changes: Women experiencing hormonal changes may be more susceptible.
• Medications: Certain medications can cause abnormal gum tissue growth, complicating oral hygiene.
• AIDS Treatment: Individuals receiving treatment for AIDS are at increased risk.

Impact on Overall Health

Recent studies have found that untreated periodontal disease can negatively impact overall health, particularly for patients with cardiovascular disease or diabetes. It can also increase the risk of certain pregnancy complications, such as low birth weight or premature birth.

Treatment and Prevention

Our dentist in Northfield has the training and experience to diagnose and treat every stage of periodontal disease. If you have symptoms of periodontal disease, contact North Dental to schedule a consultation. Early intervention is key to preventing the progression of gum disease and maintaining your overall health.

Please contact our team today to schedule your next visit to our office. Let us help you achieve and maintain optimal oral health.